Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) infection is a burden on global healthcare and is associated with a higher risk of serious sequelae, including cirrhosis and hepatocel‐ lular carcinoma. The clinical application of entecavir as a treatment for CHB has produced positive outcomes, and so is an attractive form of pharmacological therapy. However, little data exists comparing the safety and efficacy of entecavir for the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related compensated, and decompensated cirrhosis, respectively. The aim of the present study was to evaluate entecavir therapy as a treatment for patients with HBV‐related compensated and decompen‐ sated cirrhosis. A retrospective analysis of 46 compensated patients (compensated group) and 51 decompensated cirrhotic patients (decompensated group) treated with entecavir was conducted. Baseline demographics, clinical outcomes, and adverse events during the treatment were compared. Treatment with entecavir for 96 weeks resulted in significant improve‐ ments in serum levels of HBV DNA (P=0.002), albumin (P=0.014), cholinesterase (CHE; P=0.001), HBV DNA nega‐ tivity rate (P=0.004), Child‐Turcotte‐Pugh score (P=0.030), alanine aminotransferase normalized rate (P=0.039), and the degree of esophageal varices liver stiffness (P=0.002) in the two groups. However, statistical analysis revealed that the improvements were significantly higher in the compensated group compared with the decompensated group (P<0.05). The complement component (C)3 and C4 levels were also signifi‐ cantly increased in the compensated group compared with the decompensated group at weeks 24, 48 and 96 (P<0.05). In addition, the incidences of hepatocellular carcinoma, upper digestive tract hemorrhage and ascites were signifi‐ cantly higher in the decompensated group compared with the compensated group (P<0.05). In conclusion, treatment with 96‐week entecavir therapy produced similar clinical outcomes in compensated and decompensated cirrhotic patients via inhibiting HBV‐DNA viral load and recovering complement C3 and C4; however, entecavir exerts a better effect on patients with compensated cirrhosis, and so this therapy may improve the prognosis of such patients.